IELTS_Writing
Task 1
4 paragraphs
1. introduction
- paraphrase the question
2. overview
- the main, general things
- 2 sentences, 2 points
3. details
4. details
no conclusion!
4 similar chart
- line graph
- bar chart
- pie chart
- table
mixed chart
describe
one main feature in each chart
describe specific numbers for each chart separately
details paragraph
key phrases
- According to the bar chart / Looking at the ... pie chart, ...
Diagram - comparing
overview
main changes and unchanged places
phrases
- existing plan \(\rightarrow\) current layout
- there will no longer be
- there will be achieved by removing
- will be installed/replaced
- when the building work has been done
Flow Diagram - process
step
- Overview: how many steps and main materials
- Details: each step in the process
'steps' language
it requires five stages / consists of four distinct stages
raw materials
at the first stage in the process
the process begin with
secondly, finally
the second step involves
next, then, after that
at the following/third stage
passive verbs
e.g. glass is visited
使用passive verbs表示下一过程
good phases
- by far the most important ... over the period shown.
- in terms of ...
- by contrast
- a negligible amount
- sth. overtake / surpass sth.
- rise dramatically to a peak of
- remain at this level
- respectively
- rise by a a similar amount
- sales figures
- approximately / close to
- the equivalent figure for
- company/year(2013...) saw an increase in/a rise of
- than their New Zealand counterparts
- sth. accounted for the highest proportion
- the second most visited country
- ranked fifth
- despite falling numbers
- be in the majority/minority(the majority of ...)
- to be precise
- a mere 15 people(a mere = only / a full /...)
- 增加：increase/raise/go up/grow up+X times
- 减少：decrease/reduce/decline/drop/go down+X times
- The total output of industry in 2003 was 40 times as high as that of 1970.
- be double / triple that of / the number of...
- someone spent half as much in relative terms on sth. as other one.
Task2
Type
| Group1 - opinion | |
|---|---|
| agree/disagree | |
| discuss both views and give your opinion | |
| positive/negative development | |
| advantages outweigh the disadvantages? |
| Group2 - analysis | |
|---|---|
| Problems/Causes/Reasons and Solutions |
Group1 - opinion
Simon’s Structure
Introduction
(background)
I strongly hold that (our response).
Paragraph 1
On the one hand, I believe that ...
Firstly,secondly,finally...
To be more specific, (fact 1-2);
Not to mention that, (fact 1-3).
Exemplification
Furthermore, the fact that (point 2 mid level) indicates that (our response).
Take the case of (character), who / which (process). As a result, (result).
Had it not been for sth.(process paraphrase), (character) would never (result paraphrase).
Paragraph 2
However,...
The main reason is that...
Another key benefit of ... is ...
A final point is that ...
Concession
Nevertheless, a voice arises that (opposite response and point in grand opening).
Ironically, (facts against opposite detail).
Therefore, (point 3).
Conclusion
In conclusion, I disagree with the view that...
Group2 - analysis
Structure
- introduction
- causes
- solutions
- conclusion: summarize the problem and steps
4 Paragraphs
introduction
- rewrite the problem
- "There are a variety of possible reasons for this, but steps can definitely be taken to tackle the problem."
causes
template
In my opinion, three main factors are blame for ...
连接词
- first
- secondly
- ...
solutions
template
... can certainly be improved.
(solution与三个causes一一对应)
连接词
- the change must start with ...
- Also,...
- At the same time,...
conclusion
good phrases
- steps can be taken to tackle the problem
- three main factors are to blame
- face discipline problems
- play an important role in
观点库
technology
- The rapid economic progress has changed China beyond recognition.
- study whenever and whatever they want
- institute should supplement traditional teaching with the use of technology
Cities
- cities offer greater employment possibilities and a higher standard of living
- people migrate to cities from countryside
- life in cities has its drawbacks
- the cost of living is higher then in rural areas
- cities lack a sense of community
Education
advantages
They can contribute positively to society
schools aim to teach young people moral values such as tolerance and sharing
schools prepare children to be members of society
the best universities employ teachers who are experts in their fields
Qualifications gained abroad/A degree can open the door to better job opportunities
broaden students' horizons
skilled workers are needed such as ...
Repetitive manual jobs are now almost done by machine
drawbacks
- students has problems with paperwork such as visa applications
- language barrier
- living alone in an unfamiliar culture can cause homesickness
Environment
- The increasing world population is putting pressure on natural resources
Family
Many fathers and mothers share their parenting and domestic responsibilities
contribute equally to childcare, cooking and cleaning
Vince's Structure
Key elements
- 5 paragraphs
- 350+ words
Structure
Argument
- The Beginning
- Point 1 + Reasoning
- Point 2 + Exemplification
- Point 3 + Concession
- The End
tips
- point尽量偏向宏观，便于拓展
- 论点之间的逻辑关系必须紧密流畅
5 paragraphs
1. The Beginning
template
It is hard to deny that (opposite detail). Such a fact leads impressionable people to generate the opinion that (opposite response).
However, such a statement suffers from both logical and factual fallacies, and it should be examined meticulously.
As far as (Point 1), (Point 2) and (Point 3) are concerned, I strongly hold that (our response).
key phrases
- appears adj.
- simply due to...
2. Reasoning
three stages
层层递进，宏观\(\rightarrow\)微观
template
First and foremost, (point 1), as (fact 1-1).
For instance / To illustrate / To be more specific, (fact 1-2);
In addition / Not to mention that / Furthermore, (fact 1-3).
(Optional filler: 字数不足补充：summary/conclusion/what if/a small example)
tip
- 所有fact必须服务于point 1，不能跑题
3. Exemplification
template
Furthermore, the fact that (point 2 mid level) indicates that (our response).
Take the case of (character), who / which (process). As a result, (result).
Had it bot been for (process paraphrase), (character) would never (result paraphrase).
Example
Concession
template
Nevertheless, a voice arises that (opposite response and point in grand opening).
Ironically, (facts against opposite detail).
Therefore, (point 3).
Ending
template
In a nutshell, I maintain that (response paraphrase of point 1,2,3).
Admittedly, as my favorite quote from Leibniz goes, there are no two identical leaves in the world. Everyone has their own unique perspective and some people may oppose me.
However, I believe they will compromise after being exposed to my article.
tips
- points的论述禅师必须详细且通顺